臺灣能源期刊發行
- 創刊日期：
102年11月30日
- 發行所：
經濟部能源署
- 發行人：
游振偉
- 地址：
台北市復興北路2號13樓
- 電話：
02-2772-1370
- 執行單位：
財團法人工業技術研究院
- 地址：
新竹縣竹東鎮中興路四段195號26館
- 服務專線：
03-5916006
- 服務信箱：
- 總編輯：
王漢英胡均立
- 顧問：
王運銘童遷祥楊日昌
- 執行主編：
劉子衙陳志臣
- 編輯委員：
方良吉王錫福李堅明李叢禎林師模馬鴻文陳介力陳希立廖芳玲廖肇寧劉文獻蕭志同顧洋(依筆畫順序排列)
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臺灣能源期刊論文全文
臺灣能源期刊第9卷第3期內容
出刊日期：September, 2022
- 題目
- 單軸追蹤型太陽光電系統性能的模擬與實測
- Title
- Simulation and Measurement of the Performance of A Single-Axis Tracking Photovoltaic System
- 作者
- 黃明輝、簡睿彬
- Authors
- Ming-Huey A. Huang, Rui-Bin Jian
- 摘要
- 太陽光電是再生能源的重點，固定型太陽光電系統受到餘弦效應，其發電功率會隨著太陽角度 而變化；追蹤型太陽光電系統可以改善這效應，但代價是額外的能源消耗和較高的機械複雜性與較 差耐候性。為了得到最大的太陽光電系統發電量，本研究以模擬及實測比較固定型與單軸追蹤型的 太陽光電系統的發電量。在模擬上，使用SG2計算太陽位置，再計算大氣質量、日照度及太陽光電 板輸出功率。使用此數值模型計算太陽能電池板最大年能量的最佳仰角。本研究所在的苗栗市(緯 度24.54o)的最佳仰角範圍為13.0o至29.4o。在實測部分，建立一套固定型與一套追蹤型的太陽能系 統，各自以一個Arduino模組執行系統控制、數據記錄和回傳網絡數據庫。成果分析上首先比較兩 系統在相同角度與晴天狀況下的日輸出功率，校正兩系統的效率。其次，比較實測日照度與模型預 測值，確認兩者誤差約在±5%。實驗的主體是測量不同旋轉角度(3、5、7)下的淨電能產生；並計算 實測與模擬發電量的比率。在晴天轉動次數越多，則比值越趨近理想的最大值。結果歸納出一個以 雲量控制追蹤的簡便條件。實際應用時，考慮不同的雲量變化，轉動5次的平均增益已達到穩定高 峰，且性價比最大。
- 關鍵字
- 太陽光電系統發電量，太陽光電板仰角，日照度模型，系統優化，追蹤型太陽能
- Abatract
- Solar power is an essential source of renewable energy. Fixed-tilt photovoltaic systems are affected by the cosine effect and consequently, their power varies with the angle of the sun. This problem can be addressed with tracking-type systems at the cost of additional energy consumption, increased mechanical complexity, and reduced weather resistance. To maximize the electricity production of photovoltaic systems, this study conducted simulation and actual experiments for comparing fixed-tilt and singleaxis solar tracking systems. In the simulation, the SG2 algorithm was used to calculate the sun position, followed by determining the air mass, solar irradiance, and solar panel output power. The simulation model was then used to compute the optimal elevation angle for maximizing the annual production of solar panels. The research site was located in Miaoli City, Taiwan (latitude of 24.54°), where the optimal elevation angel ranged between 13.0° and 29.4°. Regarding the actual experiment, a fixed-tilt system and a single-axis solar tracking system were built, each of which were controlled with an Arduino module for data collection and transmission to a network database. The result analysis first compared the daily power output of the two systems under the same elevation angle and weather condition (sunny) to calibrate the system efficiency. Next, the measured irradiance was compared with the simulated value to ensure that the error between them was approximately ±5%. The goal of the experiment was to measure the net electricity production under different rotation times (3, 5, and 7) and compute the ratio between the measured and simulated production. The results revealed that this ratio approximated the ideal maximum value as the number of rotations in a sunny day increased. Accordingly, a simple condition for controlling the tracking system based on cloud cover was proposed. In practice, the mean gain and cost–performance ratio generated from five rotations peak stably under different levels of cloud cover.
- Keywords
- Photovoltaic system power production, Solar irradiance models, Solar panels elevation angle, System optimization, Tracking solar energy.