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臺灣能源期刊論文全文

臺灣能源期刊第3卷第3期內容

出刊日期:September, 2016

題目
能源效率標準之成本與效益評估:以電冰箱為例
Title
Cost and Benefit Analysis of Energy Efficiency Standard Policy: The Case of Refrigerator
作者
林師模、林晉勗、邱駿朋
Authors
Shih-Mo Lin, Jin-Xu Lin, Chun-Peng Chiu
摘要
本文引進CLASP與美國柏克萊大學勞倫斯國家實驗室所發展之政策分析模型系統(PAMS),探 討我國實施電冰箱能效標準政策對個別消費者生命週期成本,以及對整體經濟成本、效益及二氧化 碳排放量減少之影響。研究結果顯示,不同之電冰箱設計由於有不同之購買成本及能源效率,因此 其生命週期成本也有明顯的不同。所有的設計中,可以使能源效率提升較高的設計因為其購買成本 較高,將會使消費者之生命週期成本增加,政策上可能需要有其他的配套以說服消費者採用較高能 效標準之冰箱。電價之敏感度分析結果也發現當電價上漲,所有設計之生命週期成本都會上升,惟 高能效標準之設計因電價上漲所增加的成本,相對於基準情況則會降低,顯示當電價越高的時候, 提高能效標準愈能夠達到預期的效果,對消費者也較具說服力。整體經濟方面,研究結果顯示,在 沒有計入CO2減量的效益下,能效標準較高的設計其益本比都小於1,不過,CO2排放減少量則會明 顯高於其他設計。此外,政策愈晚實施,成本及效益都會相對減少,而益本比也會隨著實施年度的 延後而略微下降。敏感度分析方面,電價愈高,整體經濟的益本比也愈高,折現率愈高,益本比則 愈低。
關鍵字
容許耗用能源基準、電冰箱、政策分析模型系統
Abatract
This paper applies the Policy Analysis and Modeling System (PAMS) developed jointly by CLASP and the Lawrence Lab of the University of California, Berkeley, to assess the life cycle cost (LCC) of individual consumer and the aggregate economic cost, benefit and CO2 emissions of implementing a minimum energy efficiency standard policy for refrigerator in Taiwan. Our results indicate that refrigerator designs with higher energy efficiency standard usually have higher LCC. As such, accompanying measures will be needed to encourage consumers to purchase them. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis results reveal that high electricity price will encourage consumers to pursue high energy efficiency refrigerator. The results on aggregate economy reveal that refrigerator designs with higher energy efficiency standard will have a benefit/cost ratio which is less than 1. However, the reduction of CO2 emissions will also be high. In addition, high electricity price will lead to a higher benefit/cost ratio.
Keywords
Minimum energy performance standard, Refrigerator, Policy Analysis and Modeling System (PAMS)